Problems In The Philippines And Its Causes Essay

III. Conclusion A. Restated thesis statement. B. Summary of poverty and its causes.Poverty is caused by the following factors: corruption, overpopulation, lack of education, and unemployment. Introduction Poverty is a state or condition in which a person or community lacks the financial resources and essentials to enjoy a minimum standard of life and well-being that’s considered acceptable in society. –Investopedia. (2014). â€Å"Terms beginning with P† p.4 Poverty is one of the major problems in the Philippines which should be solved. Because of poverty, people suffer from hunger and people live on the streets. â€Å"There is Bec, a 56-year-old visually impaired worker at the Department of Education central office, who was tutored at a young age by SPED-trained teachers Gerardo Consolacion and Ricardo Monegro. The focused mentoring helped her cultivate a love for learning as she eventually earned her Bachelor of Arts degree from the Central Philippine University in Iloilo City. For over 30 years now, she has devoted her life preparing Braille materials for visually-impaired students in public schools. There is also 54-year-old farmer Bert of Sierra Bullones, Bohol whose lack of education was no hindrance to his dream of a better life for his family. His desire to familiarize himself with various farming techniques led him to participate in the training programs provided by the Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) and other agencies. The various training Bert attended cultivated his preference for fertilizer from animal manure over the costlier chemical-based alternatives. He has, since then, used and advocated for organic farming in Bohol. These are people who, despite the hardship brought by destitution and disability, refused to use illegal means to survive and instead made themselves available for service to the country in their own little way. They are people who played by the government’s rules – the rule of law – and benefited in return. There is a term for it, and it is called â€Å"trust.† It is the acknowledgment that social mobility is possible through the coordinated efforts of government and civil society. The book, by virtue of inherent limitations in form and volume, fails to document the thousand other Filipinos fighting  their way through bureaucratic hurdles and â€Å"falling through the cracks.† Then again, that is not what the book is for. It makes no mention, for instance, of those on the opposite side of the spectrum: people who have abandoned all hope. This is precisely because the stories featured are meant to build trust and a resolve to overcome poverty.† –Bernal. B. (2013). 18 stories of Filipinos overcoming poverty. This is a story about Filipino citizens who are trying to overcome poverty through their hardships. Most Filipinos are trying to find a way out of poverty. Filipinos are known as hard workers and dedicated citizens. But it is not enough. The government should also help to overcome poverty in the country. The government should be a model to its people. But it is not happening. The government is one of the reasons why there is poverty in the Philippines. Corruption is a cause of poverty in the Philippines. The government raises the tax and all the other expenses of the people but do not use the money for the benefit of the people. They use the money for the benefit of their own. They keep it for themselves and tell the people that they worked for the money they have. Corruption leads to poverty in a way that the people’s money is being kept and used by the people who are just using their position in the government to be rich. All they care about is their selves. They do not care about the people suffering because of what they are doing. Read more:  Problems in the Phillipines â€Å"Former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo of the Philippines was arrested Thursday afternoon on corruption charges related to allegations of misuse of $8.8 million in state lottery funds during her administration.† –Floyd W. (2012). Philippines Ex-President Is Arrested in Hospital on New Charges. This news tells that even the highest official can do corruption. This is one of the reasons why there is poverty in the Philippines. The officials are not honest to the people of their country. They keep the money of the people for their own and let the people suffer. They use their power to flee themselves from the consequences that should be given to them. They are  stealing from their people. They should be punished and suffer from the same thing that the people are experiencing because of what they have done. All they think about is their selves. They do not care whether they are making other people suffer. What matters to them is they should be able to do what they want to do. Another cause of poverty in the Philippines is overpopulation. People do not plan on what they want to do with their future families. They do not plan on how many kids the want to have and can support all through their lives. What happens is they make babies, more babies, and then afterwards they won’t have any money left to buy food for their family. So every member of the family suffers. â€Å"Most developing nations have large number of people who are illiterate, live below the poverty line and have little or no knowledge about family planning. Getting their children married at an early age increase the chances of producing more kids. Those people are unable to understand the harmful effects of overpopulation and lack of ignorance prompts them to avoid family planning measures† –Overpopulation. (2014). Nowadays, many teenagers are getting pregnant. Teenagers are getting curious about having sex at an early age that can cause overpopulation. Without planning on what their lives would be and how it will affect the community. â€Å"There are a lot of reasons as to why the Philippines is overpopulated. One reason, or I was able to think of, is Pre-Marital Sex. We learn from the Bible that sex before marriage is a sin and yet a lot of people do it. Some happens accidentally but some do it on purpose. Another cause of overpopulation is unprotected sex. Maybe one of the reasons as to why people do it is mainly just because of pleasure. Come to think of it, I ask myself ‘why do they do it when they know that it could actually lead to something bad?’ This is a cause of overpopulation because the child born was just mainly an accident. These couples did not want to have a child in the first place and that one child is a big contribution to the country’s population. Another main cause that hit me the most is those families on the  poverty level still manage to get a child when they already have fiver or even more to take care of. They keep on making children when they know themselves that they are only limited to a number.† – Whang. C. (2012). Overpopulation in the Philippines. Pre-Marital Sex is caused by lack of education when it comes to sexual education. Lack of education is another cause of poverty. Most children have no opportunity to study. They can’t go to school because they have no money and no one is helping them, especially the government. If they do not study, they won’t be able to get a job in the future. And then they will suffer again from the same problem, poverty. If the children will not learn anything especially the lessons about pre-marital sex, there is a big chance that they will try it at an early age out of curiosity. â€Å"The biggest cause of overpopulation in the Philippines is the lack of education. People there don’t have the knowledge on how to use contraceptives. The big and powerful Roman Catholic Church (which basically controls the country) disapproves of any form of sexual education and birth contraceptives. This explains the lack of sexual education and the government constant refusal to provide free birth control for its citizens.† –Anonymous. (N.D) The church disapproves to sexual education which is why the children have a lack of knowledge when it comes to sexual intercourse. Sex education somehow must be taught to children when they are already at the right age for them to know the effects of pre-marital sex. â€Å"Unemployment creates a lack of financial stability, leading to a downwards spiral in social mobility and eventually poverty. The unemployed will have a lower standard of living than most employed people. Lack of a regular income leads to the inability to be able to maintain the basic needs, including fundamental provisions such as eating healthy foods, buying into health care and providing adequate heating for the home. While there are many types of poverty, the reasons behind poverty are always a lack of money. It is possible to live in poverty even with employment. A low paid worker may  suffer much the same hardships.† –Anonymous. (N.D) When a person is unemployed, he will have no income to earn for himself. Being employed is a very important way to prevent poverty. When you are employed, you are going to earn money. You will be able to supply all your needs in everyday life. Unlike the unemployed persons, they cannot supply themselves with all their needs. Unemployment leads to poverty because when a person has no job, he will have no money to buy food and no shelter to live in, he will have to depend on the help coming from other people. References Bernal. B. (2013). 18 stories of Filipinos overcoming poverty. Retrieved from http://www.rappler.com/move-ph/22936-18-stories-of-filipinos-overcoming-poverty Floyd W. (2012). Philippines Ex-President Is Arrested in Hospital on New Charges. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/05/world/asia/philippines-ex-president-arrested-in-hospital-on-new-charges.html?_r=0 Investopedia. (2014). Terms beginning with â€Å"P†. p.4. Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/?page=4 Overpopulation. (2014).Retrieved from http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-overpopulation.php Whang. C. (2012). Overpopulation in the Philippines. Retrieved from http://catherinewhang12.blogspot.com/2012/09/overpopulation-in-philippines.html Anonymous. (N.D). What are the causes of over population in the Philippines? Retrieved from http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_causes_of_over_population_in_the_Philippines Anonymous. (N.D) How does unemployment lead to poverty? R etrieved form http://www.ask.com/world-view/unemployment-lead-to-poverty-446388fca79c3879

Management Information System and Users Essay

Every person in the organization is a user of the MIS. The people in the organization operate at all levels in the hierarchy. A typical user is a clerk, an assistant, an officer, an executive or a manager. Each of them has a specific task and a role to play in the management of business. The MIS caters to the needs of all persons. The main task of a clerk is to search the data, make a statement and submit it to the higher level. A clerk can use the MIS for a quick search and reporting the same to higher level. An assistant has the task of collecting and organizing the data, and conducting a rudimentary analysis of integrating the data from different and disciplines to analyze it and make a critical comment if anything adverse is found. The MIS offers the methods and facilities to integrate the data and report the same in a proper format. An executive plays the role of a decision maker. He is in of responsibility and accountability a position of a planner and a decision maker. He is responsible for achieving the target and goals of the organization. The MIS provides facilities to analyze the data and offers the decision support systems to perform the task of execution. The MIS provides an action Ââ€" oriented information. The manager has a position of responsibility and accountability for the business results. His management role expands beyond his management function. He is a strategist and a long-term planner. He is a person with a foresight, an analytical ability and is expected to use these abilities in the functions of top management. The MIS provides information in a structured or unstructured format for him to react. The MIS caters to his constant changing needs of information. The user of the MIS is expected to be a rational person and the design of the MIS is based on this assumption. However, in reality the impact created on individuals by MIS is difficult to explain. The nature of the impact in a few cases is negative. However, this negative impact can be handled with proper training and counseling. It is observed that at lower level, is a sense of insecurity. As the MIS takes away the drudgery of search, collection, writing and reporting the data, the work vacuum, so created is not easily filled, thus creating a sense of insecurity.

Feminism in a Doll House Essay

Feminism in A Doll House In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House Nora Helmer is a prime example of a woman’s role in the 19th century, that being that she was more for show than anything else. Nora’s husband, Torvald, treats his wife like a living doll and uses pet names for her rather than her actual name further establishing her position as nothing more than a toy. For Torvald. Nora’s purpose in her own home is to be subservient in a mental capacity as her husband often regards her more as a child than an adult by punishing her for simple, silly matters such as eating sweets. This treatment, however, is not new for Nora as it is revealed that her father treated her quite similarly. When the play opens Nora has just returned from Christmas shopping and we are given a description of her home, â€Å"A comfortable room, tastefully but not expensive furnished. † (Doll act I). Further explanation reveals details which tell the audience that the financial situation for Nora and Torvald is good. As with most things the Helmer home is nothing more than a facade for Nora. One author says, â€Å" [T]he house is a mere container, or doll’s house, for Nora, who spends her time entertaining or nervously accommodating (as her nickname â€Å"the squirrel† implies) her demanding husband — rather than decorating, designing, or even â€Å"taking charge of† her own life† (Connie Pedoto). It’s from this that the reader first gets the idea that appearance means a lot to the Helmer family. Early on it is made very evident through the conversation with husband that she is meant to be the face of their marriage. Ibsen introduces the fact that Nora is not allowed sweets; something that seems strange in this day and age, but in the 19th century was not uncommon. It shows the power a husband had over his wife in that time as well as the submissive behavior women adopted in order to have a proper marriage. Ibsen also reveals that Nora and Torvald’s children have been raised by a nanny their whole lives further establishing Nora’s role as a trophy. Because Nora has been absent in the role of raising her children it is safe to say that she did not have the ability to be a proper mother, ot because she did not love her children, but because she never had the chance to be a proper mother. When she is showing Torvald all of the wonderful toys she has purchased for their children it is obvious that her excitement stems from the fact that it is the only thing she can do in order to show her love to them. This can be compared to Nora’s belief that money fixes everything and this is shown when the author writes â€Å"Yes, yes, it will. But come here and let me show you what I have bought. And all so cheap! Look, here is a new suit for Ivar, and a sword; and a horse and a trumpet for Bob; and a doll and dolly’s bedstead for Emmy,–they are very plain, but anyway she will soon break them in pieces. And here are dress-lengths and handkerchiefs for the maids; old Anne ought really to have something better† (Doll act I). Though the Helmer’s have not always had money to spend in such a manner it is obvious that Nora has taken this newfound fortune as a way to express her love and gratitude to those around her through gifts rather than words or physical affection. When Mrs. Linde is introduced the readers are given a different view of women in this society. Nora must hide every crime she has committed, whether that be the forgery of her father’s signature or sneaking a macaroon, because she is married, while Mrs. Linde no longer has a husband to answer to. Mrs. Linde is treated quite differently than Nora as she is widowed and because of that the expectations that are placed on married women no longer apply to her. She is given the opportunity to work at a bank in the position that was once held by Krogstad. This is surprising as during this time it was the peak of women’s suffrage and women were not usually allowed to hold positions that a man did let alone replace one. When Nora sees the freedom that her childhood friend has acquired upon losing her husband the resolve she had in keeping her secret about the forgery begins to wane though the audience does not see this until much later. Torvald’s treatment of Nora may seem harsh in comparison to the relationship between husband and wife these days, but at the time it was very common. This is why Nora plays along and enjoys the little games her husband plays with her. At the end of the play Nora’s misdeeds come to light and she is forced to admit what she has done. Trovald reacts as expected and verbally abuses her before deciding that the matter should be forgotten, all is forgiven and they will go back to their normal lives. It is at this point that Nora realizes that the life and marriage she has been fighting so hard to protect by keeping her secret from coming to light is beyond saving. Though she this is not the first time she has defied her husband this is the first time she has done so without trying to conceal the act. When she decides to leave it is obvious that it is a shock to Torvald, whom has always believed his wife to be obedient, especially when he gives her the chance to forget all about it. It is also shocking for the audience as up to this point Nora has made it quite clear that she believes she would die without the financial support of her husband. Nora was a typical wife in the 19th century. Nothing she did was uncommon and the fact that she came to see the truth about her marriage speaks volumes about the times and political issues surrounding women in those times. Joan Tempelton, author of Ibsen’s Women, says â€Å"Nora’s doll house and exit from it have long been principal international symbols for women’s issues† (111). At the beginning of the play the audience would never expect Nora to make such a bold choice as to leave her husband and children, but as other characters are introduced their help or, in Krogstad’s case, blackmail leads her to the decision that she and her family would be better off without her as she has realized her true role in her marriage which is that she doesn’t have one. She is nothing more than a living doll in her own home and it took her husband discovering the truth, that his wife is no as obedient as he believes, to bring her to this conclusion. Mrs. Linde is the opposite of Nora. She shows the freedom s of a woman not married. Though times are hard for her as she was left with no money it is obvious that she prefers it that way. For Mrs. Linde marriage was financial security, but now that that has been taken from her she takes it upon herself to find a job and uses the friendship she has with Nora, whom is still married and subservient to her husband, in the hopes that she will be able to coax Torvald into getting Mrs. Linde a job. Nora does this as a favor to a friend, but when Krogstad threatens to reveal the truth about the forgery Nora is quick to beg Torvald not to give Mrs. Linde the position that formerly belonged to Krogstad. She does his because, as a woman, she knows men to be the more dominant sex and fully expects him to go through with it. It is surprising to see Torvald deny Nora’s request, not because she is his wife, but because Mrs. Linde is a woman and it was no very common in the 19th century to be chosen for a job over a man. Feminism is a large part of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House and perfectly portrays the role of women in the 19th century. Through Nora’s journey of self-discovery she realizes that her father had treated her like a delicate china doll just as her husband does now that she is a full grown adult and at the conclusion of the play she takes it upon herself to break from that cycle and become her own person. Like Mrs. Linde Nora takes this opportunity to become her own person and frees herself from her controlling marriage.

New york city Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

New york city - Research Paper Example New York City is on the Atlantic seacoast. It has a challenging geography for settlement because the Hudson River dissects the boroughs, cutting them off from one another and creating the island of Manhattan. As a result, there are many bridges that connect the boroughs of New York City. The climate of the city is a Continental climate type with a hot summer. Legends tell of the Dutch settlers buying the island of Manhattan for a few strings of beads. This is part of the foundation mythology of New York City. After the British took over, the great harbor in New York caused trade to flourish. New York City became America’s biggest city in 1790 and has stayed that way ever since. The arrival of immigrants into America from Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries happened mostly in New York City. Many of them were allowed into the country through Ellis Island. Here they became United States citizens. Over the years, neighborhoods and boroughs in New York City have changed. Places that were once the homes of Jews or German immigrants are now home to immigrants from Pakistan or Vietnam. New York City is the most ethnically diverse city in the world. More languages are spoken there than any other place on earth. New York City has seen many waves of immigrants over the course of its history. The city is marked by a humid-continental climate with a hot summer. New York City enjoys seasonal changes. The seasons are distinct in regards to temperature but not with rainfall. The coldest month is January with an average temperature of 31 F. The hottest month is July with an average temperature of 76 F. Rainfall is evenly distributed through the whole year, averaging between three and four inches each month (Climate Data, 2010). The Atlantic Ocean has a moderating influence on the climate of New York City but does not dominate it. Other things that affect the climate on a micro scale is the phenomenon of the urban heat island. This

Quiz 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Quiz 1 - Assignment Example He is also looking ahead and is avoiding the unwanted incase the Democrats retain control of the senate in November and the Republicans decide to compromise immigration. The foreign policy problems have caused atrophy in the foreign policy. This has affected the approval rating of Mr. Obama; this has been a concern for most of the Democrats in the final season of the campaign. The policies have made the president be perceived weak an issue likely to hurt his party’s electoral chances.(Hook, and Nelson, 2014) The senate has prepared a 100 day agenda plan should they take the senate; they are very likely to win. The key agenda is to authorize the long-delayed Keystone XL oil pipeline so as to boost the energy production. Other agendas are: approving fast track trade authority, repealing Obamacare’s unpopular tax on medical devices and effecting back new Environmental protection Agency regulations. There is a rift amongst Republicans; there are those thinking the GOP can rely on Obama’s lack of popularity in winning the senate and those thinking that the party would do better to push the positive agenda. (Riley, 2014) The republicans are intending to attract women voters at all cost. Rep. Cory Gardner announced his support for the over-the-counter women’s oral contraceptives. The policy is one of the party’s attempts to draw more female voters contrary to the past. The party was also the leading oppose of the Obamacare, something that a large number of women opposed, this gives them the support from the

European Central Bank Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

European Central Bank - Essay Example In fact, it seems that the bank has been fashioned along the lines of Bundesbank. The bank was the result of the Treaty on European Union, which is also referred to as Treaty of Maastricht. Despite the fact that the bank was established on June 1998, it started operating six months later on 1 January 1999. This was when the euro was introduced as the bank had been set up with the euro in mind. The euro, as indicated above, came after the establishment of the European central bank. It is the official currency that has been adopted by a total of 16 members of the European Union, out of the twenty seven that are members. The states which have adopted this currency as their official currency belong to what is referred to as the Eurozone. The countries are Austria, Belgium, and Cyprus among others. There have also been cases where the currency is used by non-member countries since its inception in 2004. This is with or without formal agreements with the member states of the European Union. It is estimated that about 237 million Europeans are currently using this currency. About 175 million people have adopted euro or currencies that are pegged to this. This is especially so in Africa, where the bank has a following of over 150 million presence. For the few years that the euro and the European central bank have been in operation, their performance can only be described as a success story. When the euro was introduced, many people had the impression that it is going to increase the rate of inflation. That maybe explains the reason why some of the states were initially reluctant to adopt it. But the opposite has been achieved. The central bank, which is mandated to manage the euro for the nations that share this currency, has been able to control the rate of inflation and maintain it at a point below but close to two percent. The success story that is the euro and the European central bank is attributable to several factors. Some of them are prudent financial management and successful control of the inflation rate. Objectives of the Study Throughout this study, the writer will be guided by one major objective. That is the analysis of the factors that have led to the success of the European central bank and the euro in general. To achieve this, the writer will be guided by various specific objectives. It is through the address of these specific objectives that the writer will effectively address the major objective of the study. The specific objectives are as outlined below: 1. successes of the European central bank 2. factors leading to this success 3. challenges facing the European central bank 4. successes of the euro 5. factors leading to this success 6. challenges faced by the euro 7. performance of the economy of the Eurozone Performance of the Eurozone's Economy Some of the successes of both the euro and the European central bank can be reflected in the successes of the economies of the Eurozones. Tumpel (2009) is of the view that there have been palpable changes in the economy of these nations as soon as they adopt the euro and come under the jurisdiction of the European central bank. One of the areas that these economies have excelled in is the creation of employment (Noyer, 2007). Over the course of the past ten years, the employment rates at these economies have increased. The improvement may be conceptualised as a reflection of the progress that has been made as far

Thin Blue Line Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Thin Blue Line - Research Paper Example Adams had been in jail for seven years following his conviction for shooting Robert Woods, a police officer in Dallas, to death. Although the sentence had been commuted by the time of the interviews, Adams was still in prison and still maintained that he was not guilty of the murder. After Morris started researching Adam’s case, he was soon convinced that he was innocent and that it was clear who was responsible for the murder (Lankford 1). He, thus, turned his documentary efforts to building Adam’s innocence case. The Thin Blue Line was the result of these investigations, and it soon became a standard for investigative documentaries. It became a triumph of execution, more interesting than exploration of crime and consequence, and it has been influential on fiction and documentary films since. The Thin Blue Line by Errol Morris does not seek to tell the story of an investigation into a murder but is a murder investigation, which set investigative documentary standards. Morris captures the attention of the audience by making the documentary as a considered defense through interviews with both Randall Adams and the key witness in his case, David Harris (Bellizzi 1). He manipulates the Harris interviews to show that he is the only person who could have killed the Dallas police officer. Morris, throughout his entire documentary, reveals clues by letting the witnesses, judges, police, and criminals talk on and on. By doing this, Morris places the audience in the world of Harris, Adams, and the justice system of a little town in Texas. It seems as if Morris edited various scenes, as well as interviews, to show the story, as he wanted; which was that Harris was the guilty one and that Adams was not. He allows the story’s arc to move forward by using the interviews, whereas also, at the same time, examining some residents of the Texan town. This documentary differed from other documentaries at the time because it showed various viewpoints. Yet, eve n with these multiple viewpoints, Morris uses particular footage, and evidence, leading the audience on to a specific conclusion (Bellizzi 1). The Thin Blue Line has a basic construction that was deceptively conventional, specifically looking back to how profound its influence has been on subsequent documentaries (Bellizzi 1). Morris weaves three basic strands together, which widely increased the standards of documentary making. Firstly, those participating in the documentary to the cameras give the narrative’s core. These people in the documentary include the judge from the first trial, Adam’s lawyer, various eyewitnesses in the shooting, police members who investigated the case, the key prosecution witness David Harris, and Randall Adams. Secondly, the documentary pioneered the use of real and documentary evidence, including line-up photos and mug shots, court reporter illustrations, reports from newspapers, and diagrams and photos from the crime scene (Bellizzi 1). The documentary also had an influence on staged re-enactments in subsequent investigative documentaries. The filmmaker utilizes re-enactments in order to highlight the vital parts of his interviews, as well as important facts, to show the audience what he considered as being important to the inference chain (Rivera 1). In a particular scene, he reenacts Turko getting out of a police car, whereas throwing away his milkshake. The reason he reenacted the scene was that it showed the discrepancies that existed

W8 Disc Knowledge Management System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

W8 Disc Knowledge Management System - Essay Example Likewise, aside from the internal resources, the manager should also assess the external factors which could influence and affect the organization’s performance: customers, competitors, environmental, and other politico-social factors. The benefits of developing an effective KM system include â€Å"facilitating decision-making, building learning environments by making learning routine, and stimulating cultural change and innovation† (Quast, 2012). A learned, the key ingredients of a KM system could be any of the following: people, processes, and technology; or culture, structure, and technology (What Is Knowledge Management?, n.d.). The approach that should be used depends on the resources and competencies of the organization, especially the people who would use the information in the performance of their roles and responsibilities. As emphasized, â€Å"the idea of a KM system is to enable employees to have ready access to the organizations documented base of facts, sources of information, and solutions† (Knowledge management system, n.d., p. 1). Therefore, it is important to assess the skills and competencies of the organization’s human resources, as well as Quast, L. (2012, August 20). Why Knowledge Management Is Important To The Success Of Your Company. Retrieved from Forbes:

International Business & Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

International Business & Strategy - Essay Example When starting a banking business, the investor should consider various factors related to the environment where the business is to be established. Factors such as political, economic, social, technological and legal aspects of a country have direct and indirect effects on the performance of the business. Denmark is the smallest Scandinavian country in the Northern Europe (The Local DK, 2014). It has a pollution of about 5,613,706 million people, and 93% of the populace are Danes while immigrants account for 7% (Pakarinen, 2012). There is no bureaucracy and bribery in Denmark hence this offers a stable business environment. It has good ethical framework and inflation policies (The Local DK, 2014). The country is politically stable (Pakarinen, 2012). Therefore, because government initiatives and fast growing economy it becomes apparent that opening a business provides the best chance for companies such as BBVA retail banking to enjoy government support. Small and medium enterprises SMEs) are the main forms of business characteristics in Denmark. It is active in foreign trade and supports liberal trade policy. It has a mixed economy. It has a relatively high-income rate, Gross National Income (GNI) per capita stands at $61,110 and has a budget surplus (The Local, DK, 2014). Therefore, such stable nation with a fast-growing economy has a high potential for running a business. The Danish economy is one of the most prosperous and stable across the entire world with studies suggesting that by 2017 it will be worth $353.1 billion with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 1.9%. The Foreign direct investments account for about 2.5% of the GDP (The Local, DK, 2014). The government policies protect financial institutions such as ensuring careful lending, minimizing the aftermath of financial crisis through increasing government spending, tax cut, infrastructure

Critically evaluate how people resourcing policies and practices can Essay

Critically evaluate how people resourcing policies and practices can influence the level of employee commitment and engagement with in the workplace - Essay Example licies may not be that effective and these can be discussed in the light of theoretical analysis to show how company policies can influence the level of employee commitment and engagement. Employee engagement is defined by Vance (2006) in plain business language and he says that, â€Å"Though different organizations define engagement differently, some common themes emerge. These themes include employees’ satisfaction with their work and pride in their employer, the extent to which people enjoy and believe in what they do for work and the perception that their employer values what they bring to the table (Vance, 2006, Pg. 2)†. This definition is very applicable in business terms since it allows companies not only to create a level of engagement based on the factors mentioned above but also gauge the level of engagement which employees have. Under this definition, those companies who are helping people enjoy their work, show commitment to the people working for the company and help them when they need to be motivated will eventually have employees who are more committed than others. The psychological contract also plays a role here since the individuals who are engaged with the company and are said to be committed are expected to believe in what they are working with and they need to have pride in their employer. The psychological contract itself is defined as the unwritten contract between the employer and the employee regarding the commitment which they both have to each other (Barnett et. al., 2004). To show the importance of employee commitment and engagement, two examples are used as pertinent cases. These are international companies who have shown how engaging and committing employees is possible through several different means and they also show the advantages which a company can gain if the employees working for the company are fully engaged with active psychological contracts. The examples also show what could happen if employees become disengaged from

My Goal in Life Essay Example for Free

My Goal in Life Essay At the age of 8 we change our minds about what we want to do when we grow up about every week. At the 18 and a few months away from graduating some of us still don’t know what we want to do or where we want to go in life. Excluding all of those soon to be high school graduates, I already know what I want to do after high and know where I want to go. Since the age of 10, I’ve always dreamt of being a police officer. I cant see myself doing anything other than patrolling the streets and keeping people safe. After graduating high school, Im going to go to college for at least four years. When my four years is done and after I turn twenty-one, I’m going to join the police academy. Im going to work hard and do whatever it takes to get in and pass all my tests. My goal is to be the best police office on the force. When the time comes after a couple years of patrolling, I would love to work my way up to be a special agent or maybe even be a member of the SWAT team. I know a lot of people may doubt me and a lot of people may say, â€Å"A little girl like you can’t do a job like that.† but I will prove them wrong. I want to be able to say â€Å"I did it† instead of â€Å"I tried,† Failing is not an option, the key is to never give up and push yourself as far as you can go.

LVMH †Fashion & Leather Goods Essay Example for Free

LVMH – Fashion Leather Goods Essay LVMH, known as Moà «t Hennessy †¢ Louis Vuitton, is a French conglomerate and the largest producer of luxury goods in the world. LVMH was formed in 1987 with the merger of Moet et Chandon a champagne manufacturer, Hennessy a cognac manufacturer, and Louis Vuitton a fashion house. The LVMH group is comprised over five sectors: Fashion Leather Goods, Wine Spirits, Perfumes Cosmetics, Watches Jewelry, and Selective retailing. This external analysis will focus on the fashion and leather goods sector, which accounts for 30% of the company’s total revenue. Analytical Tools To grasp a better understanding of the fashion and leather goods industry, this analysis will use the PESTEL and Michael Porter’s five forces methods to assess the external opportunities and threats. PESTEL is an effective analytical tool to determine the social and economical trends at a macro-level. Comprehending these factors can assist a company with its business strategies and vision. Porter’s five forces is a great tool when rivalry is so intense. It defines the competitive intensity and overall industry profitability. Louis Vuitton, Fendi, Loewe, Marc Jacobs, Donna Karen, Celine, Thomas Pink, and Givenchy are few popular brands that form the fashion and leather goods sector of LVMH. These brands have a total of 1,280 stores worldwide. â€Å"The development of our fashion and leather goods brands is based on three inseparable principles: leading edge expertise, constantly cultivated creativity, and a search for excellence in distribution. (www.lvmh.com).† With LVMH’s major strategic priorities to continue developing Louis Vuitton, strengthening brand image, and projecting profitable growth of the other fashion brands, it is critical to understand the external factors that may affect them. Louis Vuitton had another year of double-digit revenue growth. The Fashion and leather goods showed an increase of 7% revenue in 2012. Louis Vuitton’s brand value has steadily increased since 2004 and has eroded its competitors. (Refer to two graphs below). Currently, LVMH has 9.5% of the market share in the fashion and leather goods industry. * Luxury Goods * Louis Vuitton PESTEL Political Factor Politics does not play a large role in the fashion and leather industry. However, issues of policies and country regulations, such as customs, import VAT and consumption taxes can impact an industry. For example, country regulations such as the Lanham Act that protects the sale of counterfeit merchandise. This Act prohibits infringement activities such as false advertising and trademark copying. â€Å"Congress has passed the Sherman Antitrust Act, the Wilson Tariff Act, The Clayton Antitrust Act and the Robinson-Patman Act, along with various other regulations regarding unfair competition (IBISWorld, 2013, p. 36). â€Å" In the US, the level of regulation is light and trends are steady. Economic Factor  Economic issues of late 2008 have led to what economists refer to as a recession. Despite the recession in the past five years, the IBISWorld estimates that there will be in annual increase in revenue of 1.2% to $9.2 billion. â€Å"As the economy rebounds during the next five years, industry revenue is forecast to grow at an even faster annualized rate of 4.6% to reach $11.5 billion by the end of 2018 (IBISWorld, 2013, p. 5).† According to IBISWorld, per capita disposable income is expected to increase in 2013. An increase in income usually increases consumer’s purchasing power; this will create multiple opportunities for this industry. In 2010, the purchasing power has slowly begun to rebound and sustained industry profits, estimating margins to account for 10.7% of revenue in 2013. With an improvement in economy and unemployment rates, Generation Y (born between 1980-1995) is expected to increase their purchasing power. Sales of luxury goods rely heavily on Asian markets. According to IBISWorld, China is now the fastest growing foreign market. With the economic growth of China, the amount of disposable income is increasing which is causing an increase demand for luxury items. Nearly 25% of Louis Vuitton sales come from Asia. Sociocultural Factor LVMH has a wide range of consumers from different backgrounds. It is imperative that they are aware of religion, race, culture, and buying habits in every country. For instance, worldwide people are more dependent on the Internet, signifying that the methods of how people purchase goods are changing. With high rates of travel within US and abroad, there is a greater demand for luggage and leather accessories. Technological Factor Technological advances in machinery and management software can assist in forecasting demand, managing inventory, and speed up production. There are many tools that industry participant’s use: * Management information systems (MIS) and electronic data processing (EDP) * Consist of full range of retail, financial, and merchandising systems * PC-based point-of-sale (POS) * Equipped with barcode readers * Electronic barcode scanning systems Ecological Factor With an increase awareness of animal cruelty and environmental issues, the luxury goods industry should be familiar with the ecological concerns. Ecological trends could influence consumers purchase decisions as well as the perception of the brand. Legal Factor All fashion and leather goods industry will have to comply with rules and regulations. LVMH should be aware of laws that protect consumers, competitors, and corporations. For instance, comprehending labor laws and intellectual property laws. Threat of Entry The Asian luxury goods market has shown strong rates of growth in recent years. Chinese and Indian retailers are making growing fast, which increases the industries attractiveness to new entrants. Nevertheless, old players in this industry have the advantage of sustaining brand loyalty. â€Å"New operators may find it difficult to enter the industry, as these large corporations already hold a substantial portion of the market (IBISWorld, 2013, p.24).† Power of Suppliers The key suppliers in the luxury goods market are clothing manufacturers and wholesalers. Many companies are outsourcing to foreign manufacturers and increasing supplier options. Due to low-wage regions like China and India, supplier power has decreased through its competition. Power of Buyers This industry has a wide range of buyers and each customer should be seen as an individual consumer, which weakens the buyer power. In fashion and leather goods, LVMH can differentiate themselves through the unique styles and exclusive products. Threat of Substitutes There are many substitutes for luxury goods, including counterfeit and homemade goods. However, luxury goods are so highly differential, and consumers with disposable income will make the investment. Rivalry Among Existing Competitors The fashion and leather goods market is divided, creating room for many smaller players. While the industry shows high margins, LVMH has outperformed its competitors. As an older player with a highly differentiated product line, LVMH has a competitive advantage, setting it apart from competition.

Strategic Thinking And Swot Analysis Commerce Essay

Strategic Thinking And Swot Analysis Commerce Essay In this study, SWOT analysis is presented with elaborating the steps. Defining and articulating it roles in strategic planning and development steps are also covered. Besides, it exemplified in the case of organizational performance for small and medium enterprises in Egypt. SWOT which stands for an abbreviation of (strength, weakness, opportunity and threat); is an analysis that defined as method to examine organizations internal factors dealing with strengths and weaknesses, and its environmental opportunities and also the threats. SOWT analysis usually use in the preliminary phase of decision making as a general tool which it designed for being antecedent to strategic planning in different case and applications. (Johnson et al., 1989; Bartol et al., 1991). Based on some other definitions like Formisano (2003), SWOT Analysis can be used as a model, process, technique or framework to generate information about those factors in organization by having many applications with possibility of being used in all the levels of the organization. So, SWOT can be defined as internal analysis of organizational Strengths (what an operation does well) and Weaknesses (what an operation does not do well) and as well as the external analysis of environmental Opportunitie s (potential favorable conditions for an operation) and Threats (potential unfavorable conditions for an operation); and it is a general tool at the initial stages of policy making and strategic planning and as well, it is a part of the latter stages of analyzing the performance and planning for further development of the organization on. SWOT analysis is used as a technique in order to develop a planning process and solutions for the problems that are related with different internal and external factors and maximize the potential of strengths and opportunities as well as minimizing the negations of weakness and threats (Sharma Singh, 2010; Schermerhorn, 2006; Bennett, et al., 2003). The first step of SWOT analysis is a systematic evaluation of the organizations resources and capabilities. Strength in SWOT analysis is connected to competitive advantages and distinguishing competencies of the company in its market environment. But weaknesses can be considered as limitations that can affect the progress of the company in a negative way. This evaluation includes identifying core competencies by considering special strengths which are superior to the competitors. The core competency is a special strength which gives an organization a competitive advantage and it may be found in special knowledge or expertise, superior technologies, efficient manufacturing technologies, or unique product distribution systems, among many other possibilities. Strategy formulation has an aim which is to form strategies that leverage core competencies for competitive advantage by constructing organizational strengths and minimizing the impact of weaknesses (Houben et al., 1999; Schermerho rn, 2006). Figure 1. SWOT Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (Schermerhorn, 2006, p.88) Strengths: Strength of an operation is the first internal element of the SWOT analysis. The strengths cover what an operation does well. The strengths may be being low-cost producer or high quality product producer. It depends on the perspective (Bennett, et al., 2003, p.2). Weaknesses: The weakness of an operation is another internal element of the SWOT analysis. Examining weaknesses cover identifying what an operation does not do well. They must be examined from the internal and external perspective of the operation. Usually all operations, regardless of size or profitability have weaknesses (Bennett, et al., 2003, p.2). Opportunities: Opportunity is the first external element of the SWOT analysis. The opportunities cover any convenient situation in the businesss environment that the operation may gain an advantage form. The range can be from diversification and the use of new technologies to market trends and relationship developments. And usually all operations have some opportunities. It is important to analyze them well (Bennett, et al., 2003, p.2). Threats: Another element of the SWOT analysis is the external threats. All operations can face threats and the threats can range from lower international prices to key relationships that have some problems. The operation of the organization must take some actions to prevent the external threats (Bennett, et al., 2003, p.2). SWOT analysis is used as inputs to generate possible strategies. And next step is to decide these strategies after the identification and analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (Houben et al., 1999). 2.1 SWOT Analysis Steps Based on Houben et al. (1999) as a first step in the development of a strategic planning system, business managers therefore commence with the identification and evaluation of these strategic factors which assist or hinder the company in reaching its full potential. Normally every company is confronted with a dynamic environment; the relative importance of a strategic factor will change constantly, so the SWOT analysis is correspondingly to be of a permanent nature. The list of strategic factors can be used as a point of departure for the actual strategic plan within a small or medium sized enterprise. It is a flexible instrument. The greatest advantage is that it helps managers of small and medium sized enterprises survey the different management areas, gain insight into the significance within the framework of the company, and accordingly initiate suitable actions. Bartol et al. (1991) mentioned that responding to internal strengths and weaknesses is therefore an essential componen t of the strategic management process. But success can only be achieved in this respect to the extent that one is familiar with the opportunities and threats resulting from the external environment. The recognition of the internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats, takes place on the basis of a study, which called SWOT analysis. Generally no standard list of crucial factors which apply for all companies exists because of the specificity of this set. Within the framework of this study, however, we chose to concentrate solely on the internal business environment. This therefore only concerns the identification of strengths and weaknesses. Strengths thereby relate to the competitive advantages and other distinguishing competencies which can be exploited by the company on the market. A distinguishing competence is something which can be done very capably by a company. Weaknesses, on the other hand, are limitations which hinder the progress of a company in a certain direction. Weaknesses are those attributes of the organization that impede achieving the objective and limitations or deficiency in one or more resources or competencies relative to competitors that impedes a firms effective performance. Opportunities are outside conditions that help to achieve the objective major situation in a firms environment. Key trends are one source of opportunities and identification of a previously overlooked market segment, changes in competitive or regulatory circumstances, technological changes, and improved buyer or supplier relationships could represent opportunities for the firm. Threats are also outside conditions that impede achieving the objective and impediments to the firms current or desired position. The entrance of new competitors, slow market growth, increased bargaining power of key buyers or suppliers, technological changes, and new or revised regulations could represent threats to a firms success (Mintzberg and Quinn, 1991). According Johnson et al. (1989) ; Bartol et al. (1991) taking strategic actions is advised for the organizations to preserve or sustain strengths, offset weaknesses, avert or mitigate threats, and capitalize on opportunities. Strategies can consider as the balancing act between the external environment like opportunities and threats and the internal capabilities of the firm such as strengths and weaknesses. Basically SWOT analysis is an extremely useful tool for understanding and decision-making for all sorts of situations in business and organizations. As a first step in the development of a strategic planning system, business managers should therefore commence with the identification and evaluation of these strategic factors which assist or hinder the company in reaching its full potential. Because every company is confronted with a dynamic environment, the relative importance of a strategic factor will change constantly, so this analysis is accordingly to be of a permanent nature. In identifying SWOT a particular factor is relevant only with reference to a specific objective. For example, a large cash balance is strength if the objective is expansion. If the objective is to discourage a hostile take-over, a large cash balance is a weakness. The SWOT analysis headings provide a good framework for reviewing strategy, position and direction of a company or business proposition, or any other idea. Completing a SWOT analysis is sometimes simple and useful which can be used for business planning, strategic planning, competitor evaluati on, marketing, business and product development and research reports (Houben et al.1999). The strengths and weaknesses can be found in the functional company fields, or they may be a consequence of abnormal interaction between different fields. Furthermore, the strengths and the weaknesses of an aspect must be measured at different levels of the organization; this can be at group level, at individual company level or at product or market level. The evaluation of the performances of the past may not be neglected with the measuring of strengths and weaknesses because it provides historic insight into the strategy of the company previously implemented as well as the successes accordingly achieved (Glass, 1991). Historic investigations may not only be limited to the pure analysis of the paths followed by the company in the past and the results achieved, they must also devote attention to the reasons for this success. With the lists compiled, sort and group facts and ideas in relation to the objectives. It may be necessary for the SWOT participants to select their five most im portant items from the list in order to gain a wider view. Clarity of objectives is a key to this process, as evaluation and elimination will be necessary to cull the wheat from the chaff. Although some aspects may require further information or research, a clear picture should, at this stage, start to emerge in response to the objectives (Johnson et al., 1989; Bartol et al., 1991). 3. SWOT Analysis and Strategic Planning SWOT analysis is mainly part of the strategic planning process buy studying on internal and external forces in the business environment of a company of organization. As a first step of a strategic planning system, the strategic factors that are related with the potential of the company, should be identified and evaluated. The identification and evaluation of the strategic factors helps to reach an actual strategic plan and as a result the managers are able to gain insight of internal and external nature of the company and establish suitable actions in order to reach good performance (Houben et al., 1999, p.2) In order to have good performance in strategic planning, the future objectives on the companys strength and the weaknesses of the company must be considered by the company. Internal strengths and weaknesses are the main components of the strategic management process but it must be reinforced with considering opportunities and threats from the external environment. According to Hill and Roy (1997, p.46), SWOT analysis is one of the most straightforward approaches for analyzing the strategy of an organization. SWOT as it explained before, is the acronym for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats which according to Zack (1999, p.126) SWOT framework is one of the well-known approaches to define a strategy. Considering Zack, Hill and Roy statements about SWOT, it can conclude that this approach can be used in order to define and analyze organizations strategy. This analysis consists of two parts. First, we have to analyze the internal characteristics and capabilities of the organization, which analysis helps us to identify the strengths and the weaknesses that the organization has. In the second part, we have to analyze the external situations in the competitive environment, which this analysis helps us to identify the opportunities and the threats that the company may faces. After identification of these four factors, a strategy for the company can be presented. Based on Zack statement (1999, p. 127) strategy is the act of balancing between internal and external situations of a given organization. And a good strategy is the one which ensure a fit between external situations of the company with its own internal capabilities (Hill and Westbrook, 1997, p.47). This analysis was in power for at least 30 years. Zack (1999, p.128) believes that companies who have superior knowledge, can sustain their competitive advantage by the use of those knowledge in order to combine, coordinate, develop and exploit their resources and capabilities in a new way and better than their competitors. Buckman Labs competed in certain markets based on its superior knowledge of how to apply its chemicals to solve the process treatment problems of its customers. After explaining SWOT framework in previous section, and talking about knowledge as a strategic asset and the sustainable competitive advantage which could be achieved through the application of the knowledge that exists in an organization, the author (Zack, 1999, p. 130) proposes that: Firms need to perform a knowledge-based SWOT analysis, mapping their knowledge resources and capabilities against their strategic opportunities and threats to better understand their points of advantage and weakness. The outcome of this analysis could be a map that can help the organization to strengthen its knowledge advantages and reduce its knowledge weaknesses. This map reveals the knowledgebase resources and capabilities of one organization and the knowledge that this organization needs in order to be competitive in the market by providing the products and services. As we mentioned earlier, we can thought of this as a knowledge strategy. Zack (1999, p.131) mentions three steps that should be taken in order to describe the link between strategy and knowledge: 1. Organization needs to identify its strategic goals. 2. Organization must evaluate the knowledge that it needs in order to achieve its strategic goals. 3. Comparison between the knowledge that one organization has and the knowledge that one organization needs reveals the strategic knowledge gaps of that organization. A firm, according with its current knowledge, must identify the best product and market opportunities for exploiting that knowledge. For example, Most importantly, it recognized the difference and managed and developed its strategic knowledge accordingly (Zack, 1999, p.131). Therefore, we can consider the knowledge as an important strategic resource for sustaining the competitive advantage. There are 3 reasons why knowledge makes the advantage sustainable, as first that knowledge which is gained from organizational procedures through experience is unique and cannot easily be reproduced. Because acquiring this knowledge require competitors to engage in similar experiences which need time and money. Second is that, those firms which know more can learn more in comparison to their competitors who have just started to gather knowledge. Third reason is that, the integration between newly gained knowledge and the knowledge that the firm already has can create unique insights and more valuable knowledge that is difficult for the competitors to gain. These reasons all lead to a sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic management is a collection of decisions and actions that are taken by the business management to determine the long-term activities of the company. Basically strategic management has three elements (Houben et al., 1999, p.126), the formulation of a strategy; the implementation of a strategy; the control and evaluation of the strategy. Internal and external environment analysis must be done before applying these stages. While analyzing of the internal and external environment will result in an overview of all opportunities and threats and also weaknesses and strengths will be reviewed and these are SWOT analysis results. If we want to define the internal and external environments, the external environment include the variables existing outside the company, they are in the short-term and not under the control of the company and they are from the context in which company exists and functions. The external variables are divided as; direct and indirect environment. The elements or groups are directly influenced by the actions of the company are considered as the direct environment (industry environment), such as; the shareholders, the government, the suppliers, the local authorities, the competitors, the clients, the creditors and the employees organizations. The general forces that have an impact on the long term decisions of the company are considered as indirect environment (macroenvironment) such as; economic, socio-cultural, technological, political and juridical influences (Houben et al., 1999, p.126; Schermerhorn, 2006, pp.87-88). The variables of the internal environment within the company belong to the business management of the company that does not have an influence in the short-term. These variables include the company structure, the company culture and the resources of the company. One of the three elements of strategic management was the formulation of a strategy and it is a process for the development of long-term plans, to respond to environmental opportunities and threats effectively by considering the strengths and weaknesses of the company (Houben et al., 1999, p.126). Figure.3.1.1 illustrates the SWOT analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Companies need to take some specific actions to identify and understand their competitive strengths and weaknesses; and the development of the competitive strategy depends on building a global overview that considers the strengths and weaknesses. The strengths and weaknesses can place in the functional company fields, or can be a consequence of unusual interaction between different fields. In addition, the strengths and the weaknesses must be analyzed at the different levels of the company such as; organization, group, individual, company, product or market level (Houben et al., 1999). The current strategic position forms a very important point of departure for the development of a future strategy. It is very difficult to understand the current strategy if a formal planning system was previously absent. The studying of the competition, the current strategic prospects, performances from the past, the market possibilities and the market environment provide us with insight concerning information required for the indication of strengths and weaknesses. Where possible these strengths and weaknesses are to be represented in objective terms. It must be commented that most strengths concern the capabilities of certain personnel members or the resources at hand. A distinction can accordingly be made according to the present product/market combinations. It is therefore sensible to make a distinction according to the extent to which these strengths and weaknesses are of a critical nature. As regards the critical factors, an attempt must be made to sort them on the basis of st rengths (Johnson et al., 1989; Bartol et al., 1991). Good performances within a company are the results of correct interaction of the business management with its internal and/or external environment. To operate successfully in this respect, the company must concentrate its future objectives on its strengths, while averting tendencies related to the companies weaknesses. Responding to internal strengths and weaknesses is therefore an essential component of the strategic management process. But success can only be achieved in this respect to the extent that one is familiar with the opportunities and threats resulting from the external environment. Mintzberg and Quinn (1991) explained the recognition of the internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats, takes place on the basis of a SWOT-analysis. Within the framework of this study, however, we chose to concentrate solely on the internal business environment. This therefore only concerns the identification of strengths and weaknesses. Companies must und ertake specific actions in order to distinguish their competitive strengths and weaknesses. The strengths and weaknesses are found in the functional company fields, or they may be a consequence of abnormal interaction between different fields. Furthermore, the strengths and the weaknesses of an aspect are measured at different levels of the organization; this can be at group level, at individual enterprise level or at product or market level. 4. SWOT Analysis in Practice In this section we can overview the SWOT analysis of organizational performance of small and medium enterprises in Egypt through promoting the human factors in quality management systems. This analysis has been done by the survey results (the answers in the studied questionnaire) were analyzed by the SWOT method in order to identify the Egyptian manufacturing SMEs Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats, in order to generate information about their effects on organizational performance and to determine if there is a need to support systems for the organizations development or a need for system improvement (Shobery et al. 2010). This analysis the research team used as a guideline for developing the QMS model with focus on human factors. Egyptian manufacturing SMEs (Small-Medium Enterprises) have much strength and weaknesses, and many opportunities and threats which are generated from the business environment and have effects on the whole organization. Strengths of SMEs were confirmed by the results of the questionnaire and have supported, developed and promoted as a part of the basic infrastructure needed to achieve the criteria of the business excellence practices. Weaknesses indicated the problems and ineffective work systems which need to be solved and improved gradually to get a new and better infrastructure (Shobery et al. 2010). In their research they figured it out that opportunities mainly increase the number of international markets open to Egyptian manufacturing SMEs. Threats are mainly generated through competitive situations from the international trading competitors and free trade areas (FTAs). There is an increase in the number of overseas competitors most of which have a higher potential for international trade than Egyptian firms. Generally, strengths and opportunities influence the organizations performance in positive ways and also support the development of a QMS. In contrast, the weaknesses and threats have negative effects on the organizational performance, which hamper a successful implementation of a QMS. Effects of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats on the organizational performance in Egyptian manufacturing SMEs are presented in Table 1 and Figure 2. Based on their findings, a systematic schedule for the analysis of strengths and weaknesses is something constantly gaining popularity. Companies must undertake specific actions in order to distinguish their competitive strengths and weaknesses. History has shown this to be not particularly simple. Many companies only have vague ideas of the source of certain competencies and the extent to which they possess them. The absence of a global company overview prevents a clear picture being obtained. Despite these problems the development of a competitive strategy depends on having a global overview as regards strengths and weaknesses. 5. Conclusion By doing the SWOT analysis usually there are some ready expected advantages such as, an impetus to analyze a situation and develop suitable strategies and tactics, a basis for assessing core capabilities and competences, the evidence for, and cultural key to, change, a stimulus to participation in a group experience.

The Engineering of Machu Picchu Essay -- Civil Engineering

On July 24, 1911 an antiquity site located in the mountains surrounding Cusco, Peru, was rediscovered by explorer Hiram Bingham almost half a century after it was constructed. Since 1911 Machu Picchu has come into prominence as a tourist site because of its interesting history and its mysterious abandonment. Much of Machu Picchu has been restored since its discovery to give tourists a window into what it would have been like to live there at its prime. Machu Picchu was built by the great Inca civilization in 1450 and it is believed that it was used as an imperial retreat for the Inca Emperor. Historians now believe that the abrupt abandonment of Machu Picchu was a result of the Spanish conquest, but one of the reasons that it is so well preserved is that the Spanish conquistadors never found it. Despite its location, only 43 miles from the Peruvian capital of Cuzco, for almost half a century it remained a mystery to all, but a few. Via advanced construction techniques the Inca were a ble to keep the inherent problems at Machu Picchu checked and by doing this they were able to expand the infrastructure at Machu Picchu to keep the population sustainable. Historians found Machu Picchu so fascinating because of its immaculate preservation, a result of the Inca construction techniques. When Hiram Bingham discovered Machu Picchu in 1911 he was taken aback by its beautiful construction. One component of its beauty is its stonework. This stonework prevented damage that other antiquity sites suffered and led to the state that Machu Picchu is in today. This site was preserved relatively to other Inca sites was because while the Spanish Conquistadors sacked other sites they did not find Machu Picchu and it remained undiscovered until Hi... .../worldgeography.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1498440?terms=terraces. â€Å"Terraces at Machu Picchu.† In ABC-CLIO. Accessed February 9, 2014. http://worldgeography.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/790018?terms=machu+picchu. â€Å"Water Supply and Drainage at Machu Picchu.† Water History.org. Accessed February 20, 2014. http://www.waterhistory.org/histories/machu/. Annotation: Machu Picchu: A Civil Engineering Marvel By: Kenneth R. Wright Secondary Source Non-fiction Book Kenneth R. Wright is the Chief engineer at Wright Water Engineers in Denver and is an expert Paleo-Hydrologist at Machu Picchu and Mesa Verde There is no bias An Interview With Kenneth R. Wright on PBS.org Secondary Source Interview Kenneth R. Wright is the Chief engineer at Wright Water Engineers in Denver and is an expert Paleo-Hydrologist at Machu Picchu and Mesa Verde There is no bias

West Side Story Essays -- English Literature

West Side Story 1. Point out how the general setting of the play is established. Give at least two examples. The play West Side Story takes place in a suburb on the West Side of New York City. We can conclude that we are talking about a socially disadvantaged suburb as the surrounding area is described with high brick walls, not very attractive and by the presence of the two gangs – the Jets and the Sharks. We are also able to say in which time period the actions take place. As an indicator we are using the dance at the gym in Act I,Scene 4, where Tony and Maria first meet. At this dance everyone is dancing the jitterbug just as the jive. Both were popular during the 1940`s and 1950`s. We should also mention that it is summer. Otherwise typical autumn or winter weather would have been mentioned and/or the gangs possibly would not set the rumble outside. ( 139 ) 2. Outline the typical features of the society depicted. First we meet the Jets. They are a group of polish ancestry, all born in America therefore representing the american part. The group itself represents some kind of close belonging-together in which no outsider is allowed to enter. Even for Anybodys, who desperately wants to be accepted within the group, the access is somehow denied. This also shows some sort of hierarchy the Jets follow. Despite the hierarchy the members of the Jets behave more or less the same. They see the memebers as superior individuals especially when comparing with the Sharks or their own family. For example do they express themselves on their parents: â€Å"our mothers all are junkies, our fathers all are drunks† ( Act II, Scene 2). No matter what when it comes to the â€Å"spics† they feel the membership to ... ...e and harmony without being threatened should not be left out from this list. Tony and Maria are obviously not able to do so. Also when Anita enters the shop to leave a message for Tony is she treated with disrespect. This, as well as blaming Maria for not sticking â€Å"with her own kind† might lead to her telling a lie. One aspect going along with the preceding statements, being of great importance especially in this play, is the equality of all people living in the United States. In no part of the play do the different cultural groups seem to be equal unless in the end when Tony is killed. Only because of her hate does Maria give the impression of everyone in the scene being equal. In all other scenes everyone is treated according to their descent. The Jets are treated differently by the police and – as we are told within the society - as the Sharks are. West Side Story Essays -- English Literature West Side Story 1. Point out how the general setting of the play is established. Give at least two examples. The play West Side Story takes place in a suburb on the West Side of New York City. We can conclude that we are talking about a socially disadvantaged suburb as the surrounding area is described with high brick walls, not very attractive and by the presence of the two gangs – the Jets and the Sharks. We are also able to say in which time period the actions take place. As an indicator we are using the dance at the gym in Act I,Scene 4, where Tony and Maria first meet. At this dance everyone is dancing the jitterbug just as the jive. Both were popular during the 1940`s and 1950`s. We should also mention that it is summer. Otherwise typical autumn or winter weather would have been mentioned and/or the gangs possibly would not set the rumble outside. ( 139 ) 2. Outline the typical features of the society depicted. First we meet the Jets. They are a group of polish ancestry, all born in America therefore representing the american part. The group itself represents some kind of close belonging-together in which no outsider is allowed to enter. Even for Anybodys, who desperately wants to be accepted within the group, the access is somehow denied. This also shows some sort of hierarchy the Jets follow. Despite the hierarchy the members of the Jets behave more or less the same. They see the memebers as superior individuals especially when comparing with the Sharks or their own family. For example do they express themselves on their parents: â€Å"our mothers all are junkies, our fathers all are drunks† ( Act II, Scene 2). No matter what when it comes to the â€Å"spics† they feel the membership to ... ...e and harmony without being threatened should not be left out from this list. Tony and Maria are obviously not able to do so. Also when Anita enters the shop to leave a message for Tony is she treated with disrespect. This, as well as blaming Maria for not sticking â€Å"with her own kind† might lead to her telling a lie. One aspect going along with the preceding statements, being of great importance especially in this play, is the equality of all people living in the United States. In no part of the play do the different cultural groups seem to be equal unless in the end when Tony is killed. Only because of her hate does Maria give the impression of everyone in the scene being equal. In all other scenes everyone is treated according to their descent. The Jets are treated differently by the police and – as we are told within the society - as the Sharks are.

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury :: Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451

Montag, Beatty and the rest of the firemen expected it to be just another burning. They did not expect an unidentified woman to commit suicide along with burning her books. As the firemen attempted to save the woman, she told them to â€Å"go on.† Within a moment, â€Å"The woman on the porch reached out with contempt to them all and struck the kitchen match against the railing.† On the way back to the firehouse, the men didn’t speak or look at each other. While Beatty began showing the knowledge he has gained from books, which along with the death, firemen begin to show that they are thinking and showing emotions. While listening to Beatty, Blackstone passes the turn to the firehouse, while Montag is amazed at his intelligence. After meeting the exiles, the war has begun, and a bomb was dropped in the city, killing everyone. Before they begin they’re adventure back towards the city, Granger decides to start a fire and cook some beacon. While eating, Granger mentions the Phoenix, and explains how society is related to the Phoenix; â€Å"He must have been the first cousin to man. But every time he burnt himself up he sprung out of the ashes, he got himself born all over again. And it looks like we’re doing the same thing over and over.† After arriving to Montag’s home, Beatty instructs Montag to burn his own books as his punishment. Instead, Montag burns the television sets and the bed, in spite of Millie’s pleasures. When Beatty discovers the hidden book in Montag’s jacket and the earpiece, he tells Montag he and Faber will be arrested. In fear, Montag turns the flame thrower on Beatty, making him a â€Å"shrieking blaze, a jumping, sprawling gibbering manikin no longer human or known.† After burning the mechanical dog, Montag reassures himself that Beatty wanted to die. Montage burns his first house, showing his pleasure and joy in his job. â€Å"It was a pleasure to burn. It was a special pleasure to see things eaten and blacken and change.† By the end of the novel, Montag watches the sun as he floats down the river. Montag decides that he must never burn again; â€Å"The sun burnt everyday. It burnt time. The world rushed in a circle and turned on its axis and time was busy burning the years and the people away, without any help from him.

Nazeesh Yusef

The poem Theme For English B is a really Interesting poem. It's a bit difficult to understand, but after researching the biological, social, cultural, political, and historical context of this poem It was much easier to understand It. When looking at the cultural context the writer starts by writing his colored It gives a cultural context. The cultural context lets the readers know who the writer is and where it is coming from. The writer is officer colored is a male and is 22 years old.This poem Theme For English B is about a young student whose professor asks him to write a page about him and that page had to be true. The writer even lists the schools it had been to and how he realizes that he is the only colored student at the school. As looking at the historical context the time this poem was written was in the Jim Crow era where African Americans had difficulty entrance into an elite school than their white peers. Also, in this poem the writer is struggling with the color aspect .The writer is trundling so much that the writer doesn't even know If It should write Its poem on a white piece of paper or a colored piece of paper. Throughout this poem the writer Is trying to figure himself out with the poem. The cultural context helped me figure this poem out more Is because the whole poem was about the speaker, and what and who the speaker was. It's easier to understand the poem if you already have found clues about the writer. Almost the whole poem was about the writer and its race and its colored skin.

Summary of the Book of Genesis

Summary of the book of Genesis In Genesis chapters 1-11, God created the universe and all living things in the span of 7 days. He created Adam and let him reside in the Garden of Eden so they may maintain it. The Garden of Eden has river that flows through it, and splits into four headstreams, Pishon, Gihon, Tigris, and Euphrates. Soon after, God created woman, whom we know as Eve. The fall of man followed as Adam and Eve ate from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil and God banished them from the Garden of Eden.Adam and Eve Gave birth to Abel and Cain, Cain killed his brother Abel and Lived in the land of Nod, East of Eden. Soon the children of Adam and Eve soon bore children of their own, and their children’s children had children of their own, so on and so forth. At each passing generation their life spans become shorter. God decided to destroy all living things but allowed Noah and his family to be saved.He told them to make and Ark and bring seven of every kind of c lean animal, 2 of every unclean animal and seven of every kind of bird, so that their lives will be spared from the flood. The ark stopped at Mt. Ararat, and they all stepped out of the ark onto dry land, and Soon after they repopulated the earth. When the people, who all had a common language and vocabulary, started building the tower of Babel, God confused their language and spread them all over the earth. In Genesis chapters 12-25, it now begins the story of Abraham.God's call of Abram and the covenant with him in which he was promised that his descendants should inherit the land of Canaan, that they should become a great nation and that through them all nations of the earth would be blessed. Abram's name is changed to Abraham and Ishmael is born to Abraham and Hagar, Sarah's handmaid. Sodom and Gomorrah was destroyed and the Lord sparing Lot’s life. Abraham deceived Abimelech concerning Sarah, his wife. And Sarah bore a child just as the Lord promised them, and they named him â€Å"Isaac†.God also tested Abraham’s faith by making him offer his only son as a burnt offering to Him. Soon after, Sarah died and they bought the family burial ground from the Hittites, and the betrothal of Isaac and Rebekah. At the end of this section, Abraham's death is recorded and the generations of Ishmael are given. And the story of Isaac was given and that he has twin sons, Jacob and Esau. In chapters 27-37, the story of Jacob and Esau were written. Jacob leaves home, after receiving his father's blessing by deceit. It was on this journey that he experienced the vision of the adder at Bethel. Jacob's family and his return from Haran to Canaan. Chapters 29-33 gives an account of Jacob's marriages, the birth of most of his children, the shrewd dealings between Laban and Jacob and the departure of Jacob from Haran. After leaving Haran and wrestling with the angel, Jacob came into contact with Esau, but without the conflict which had been feared. And finally in chapters 34-36 both lineages of Jacob and Esau were recorded. In the last arc of the Book of Genesis, chapters 37-50, the story of Joseph was written.Joseph, the seventeen year old son of Jacob, because of the jealousy of his brothers, is sold into Egypt where, after a series of events, he becomes a ruler of Egypt, ranking just under Pharaoh. Joseph's brothers come to Egypt to buy food during a time of great famine. After a time, Joseph reveals his identity to his brethren. Joseph insisted that Jacob and his family settle in Egypt. Jacob blessed Joseph’s two sons, Manasseh and Ephraim, and gave his prophecy concerning the twelve tribes. And at the final chapter of the Book of Genesis, was the recorded death of Joseph and Jacob.

Outlining an Informative Speech: Anabolic Steroids

| Outlining an Informative SpeechAnabolic Steroids in Sports| | | OUTLINE OF SPEECH ATTENTION-GETTING OPENER An athlete is a person who is trained or skilled in exercises, sports, or games requiring physical strength, agility, or stamina. Athletes train and practice year-round to prepare for the competition and challenges. Most high school, college, amateur and professional athletes participate in sports for the opportunity to pit their abilities against those of their peers, and to experience the satisfaction that comes from playing to their potential. Others do so to satisfy a desire for recognition and fame.Unfortunately all this creates some athletes who are determined to win at any cost. Have you heard or know of anyone who has used anabolic steroids? PREVIEW Today I will give you some interesting facts about the use of anabolic steroids in sports. I Description and definition II Reasons for using III Famous Athletes IV Effects V Solutions BODY TRANSITION: To better understand m y report, first we should know what anabolic steroids are. I Description and definition A. A group of usually synthetic hormones that are derivatives of testosterone, are used medically especially to promote tissue growth B.Are sometimes abused by athletes to increase the size and strength of their muscles and improve endurance C. Non-medical use of anabolic steroids is illegal and banned by most major sports organizations D. In January 2005, the Anabolic Steroid Control Act was amended with the Controlled Substance Act that added anabolic steroids to the list of controlled substances and makes possession of the substances a federal crime TRANSITION: You may be asking by now, what are the reasons that make athletes use these drugs? II Reasons for using A. To gain advantage B. Lack of self esteem C.Peer, competitive, fan and media pressure TRANSITION: Now, I will mention some famous athletes that used, during their careers and competitions, anabolic steroids. I’m sure you know most of them. III Famous Athletes who used anabolic steroids A. Heidi Krieger B. Ben Johnson C. Mark McGwire D. Florence Griffith Joyner E. Brian Bosworth F. Arnold Schwarzenegger G. John Kordic H. Danny Harris I. Lyle Alzado TRANSITION: Ok, I will now proceed to mention some of the harmful effects that this drug has on the athletes that use and abuse them. IV Effects A. Damage to the kidneys and liver B.Alteration of the balance of the natural hormones C. Some male users form breasts D. Serious acne problems E. When used by teens it can cause stunted growth F. Genital changes, water retention, yellow eyes, coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and changes in cholesterol levels G. Ligament injuries and sterility H. Women run the risk of male pattern baldness I. Coma and death J. HIV transmission K. Withdrawal symptoms L. Depression TRANSITION: After mentioning the harmful effects, I will explain some solutions that should be taken to reduce the use of this dangerous drug by all athletes.V Solutions A. Legal 1. Restrictive laws 2. Penalties B. Education: Change of athlete’s attitude 3. Thorough knowledge of the sport's physical demands and requirements 4. Maintenance of a healthy lifestyle 5. Appreciation of the satisfaction that comes from participation TRANSITION: After my presentation, you should now understand why some athletes use anabolic steroids and the effects this drug has on them. SUMMARY Now, you understand the most important facts of anabolic steroids in sports. I Description and definition II Reasons for using III Famous Athletes IV EffectsV Solutions Concluding Remarks In conclusion, any athlete of any age should be educated in light of the hazard and negative effects that the anabolic steroids has on a body. Some athletes persist in taking them, believing that these substances provide a competitive advantage. But beyond the issues of popularity or legality is the fact that anabolic steroids can cause serious physical and psycholo gical side effects. ACTUAL SPEECH INTRODUCTION I. An athlete is a person who is trained or skilled in exercises, sports, or games requiring physical strength, agility, or stamina.Athletes train and practice year-round to prepare for the competition and challenges. Most high school, college, amateur and professional athletes participate in sports for the opportunity to pit their abilities against those of their peers, and to experience the satisfaction that comes from playing to their potential. Others do so to satisfy a desire for recognition and fame. Unfortunately all this creates some athletes who are determined to win at any cost. Have you heard or know of anyone who has used anabolic steroids? II. Today I will give you some interesting facts about the use of anabolic steroids in sports.A. Description and definition B. Reasons for using C. Famous Athletes D. Effects E. Solutions TRANSITION: To better understand my report, first we should know what anabolic steroids are. BODY Ana bolic steroids are â€Å"any of a group of usually synthetic hormones that are derivatives of testosterone, are used medically especially to promote tissue growth, and are sometimes abused by athletes to increase the size and strength of their muscles and improve endurance†. Non-medical use of anabolic steroids is illegal and banned by most major sports organizations.In January 2005, the Anabolic Steroid Control Act was amended with the Controlled Substance Act that added anabolic steroids and prohormones (a precursor to a hormone) to the list of controlled substances and makes possession of the substances a federal crime. TRANSITION: You may be asking by now, what are the reasons that make athletes use these drugs? TRANSITION: Now, I will mention some famous athletes that used, during their careers and competitions, anabolic steroids. I’m sure you know most of them. Over the years many professional athletes have been focus of the media, after being caught using anabol ic steroids.To name only a few, here are some examples. Heidi Krieger proved herself one of the world's top athletes in the 1980s, winning medal after medal in the shot put for East Germany. Heidi Krieger, the 1986 European women's shot-put champion, became Andreas Krieger after a sex-change operation in 1997. He said he had been fed so many steroids by his coaches without his knowledge that physical and emotional problems began. We remember when Ben Johnson was stripped of his gold medal in the 1988 Seoul Olympics. Many athletes that were seen as heroes had their problems with anabolic use.Good examples of athletes that were made to look like heroes were Mark McGwire and Florence Griffith Joyner. Flo Jo was suspected of drug abuse when she won her gold medals in the Olympics. She was tested ten years after the Olympics and came up negative, but most steroids are out of a person's system within weeks. She was idolized by millions, so no other discussions came up on the topic of her drug use until her death. She was said to have died in a fit of epileptic seizures. Later investigations showed she died of cardiac problems, a health problem that can be brought on by steroid use.According to CBS News, other examples of professional athletes that used steroids were Brian Bosworth, Arnold Schwarzenegger, and John Kordic. American Danny Harris ranked number one in the hurdles in 1991, failed a drug test, and was suspended for four years. The best known case of steroid use was Lyle Alzado. Lyle, the former defensive end, had an inoperable brain tumor that left his once-massive body ravaged. He blames years of heavy use of steroids and human growth hormones. Alzado took steroids almost daily for nearly 20 years. This prolonged use killed him.TRANSITION: Ok, I will now proceed to mention some of the harmful effects that this drug has on the athletes that use and abuse them. The negative effects of this drug are many. Some of the negative effects of the drugs are damage to the kidneys and liver. A person can also alter the balance of the natural hormones. This can cause detrimental affects to the body. The effects of your natural hormones being out of balance can last several years after being off the drugs. Some male users form breasts due to the use of steroids. Because of the increase in testosterone, steroids can cause serious acne problems.When used by teens it can cause stunted growth. Other side effects include genital changes, water retention, yellow eyes, coronary artery disease, ligament injuries, high blood pressure, and changes in cholesterol levels, sterility and liver disease. The list goes on and on. Women that use steroids run the risk of male pattern baldness. Some effects of steroids are even worse. Some people fall into comas after injecting the drugs, some may even die from the injections. Sometimes, athletes who use anabolic steroids may share the needles, syringes or other equipment they use to inject these drugs.By sharing ne edles, syringes or other equipment, a person becomes a high risk for HIV transmission. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. Athletes who use steroids can also experience withdrawal symptoms when they quit. The symptoms include mood swings, depression, fatigue and irritability, loss of appetite, insomnia, and aggression. Depression can even lead to suicide attempts, if untreated. TRANSITION: After mentioning the harmful effects, I will explain some solutions that should be taken to reduce the use of this dangerous drug by all athletes.The attitude of winning at any cost embraced by some athletes must be redirected and replaced by personal dedication to the sport; a thorough knowledge of the sport's physical demands and requirements; maintenance of a healthy lifestyle; and, an appreciation of the satisfaction that comes from participation. Our athletes should be educated since their early age about the effects and consequences of using anabolic steroids. There should be also restrictive laws and penalties for the athletes that are caught using this drug, no matter their fame or money.TRANSITION: After my presentation, you should now understand why some athletes use anabolic steroids and the effects this drug has on them. CONLUSION I. Now, you understand the most important facts of anabolic steroids in sports. a. Description and definition b. Reasons for using c. Famous Athletes d. Effects e. Solutions II. In conclusion, any athlete of any age should be educated in light of the hazard and negative effects that the anabolic steroids has on a body. Some athletes persist in taking them, believing that these substances provide a competitive advantage.But beyond the issues of popularity or legality is the fact that anabolic steroids can cause serious physical and psychological side effects. VISUAL AIDS 1. List of ideas a. Power point presentation of pictures of anabolic steroids, famous athletes that have used the drug, and their pictures before and after using them. b. Short captions or tapes of the athletes during their performances. 2. Power point, because the captions or tapes can be inserted in the presentation. 3. The visual aid could be used as guide in each of the transitions.

Characteristic of management Essay

With the progress of history, the definition, content, method and characteristic of management is in constant development. The history of management theory and idea is evolving. Between the twentieth century and twenty first century, the environment of management has been changed from stable and predictable to unending changeable. According to Kiechel’s (2012) theory, with the definite law, principle and regulation, management belong to a real science system. In this essay, two topics will be discussed. The first one is management theories and ideas have changed over time with two factors which are the transformation of labor were treated from machine to human and the connection between organization and external environment. The second one is the three most important differences between now and then. The three differences are increasingly fierce competition, personalized customer demand and how to improve competitiveness. The development of management theory and practice are closely related. Management theory is based on the understanding of management system and frame after summarized the experience from the accumulation management. However, this understanding also leads to the management practice. First of all, the transformation of labor were treated from machine to human is one factor. After the mid nineteen twenties the human relations theory and behavior management theory began to pay attention to â€Å"human† has many special factors different from the â€Å"objects†. On the â€Å"human† factor, first of all should be attributed to Mayo and his in the test of Hawthorne factory. Hawthorne test is a management test of Mayo by Hawthorne telephone factory which belong to Western Electric Company in the United States. Testing began in 1924 and Mayo conducted a series of surveys, tests and interviews. After that, the summary from Mayo (1933) of human psychological factors and social factors has great impact on the production efficiency. The staff is â€Å"social person†; they need social psychology rather than simply the pursuit of income and material. Therefore, the managers of the enterprise should not only focus on the technical and economic factors of management, but also improve labor  productivity from the social and psychological aspects to encourage workers. Volberda (2012) has said that expect formal organization, there are some informal ones. Informal organization is spontaneous formation by nature from the people contact. However, people’s behavior from the informal organization is always following the emotional logic —— character decides relationship. The external environment become connects to organization. Some of manager’s work on employees by coerces punishment and fire to increase the stress of them. The strict supervision and control mode to staff actually reflected in Taylor’s scientific management service and the traditional management mode. The others the others has concept of management that will be advocated management method which is people oriented by human, tolerant, democratic in management behavior. The objectives of the organization are combined individual objectives well and create favorable conditions for employees to develop the wisdom and potential. Then, there are three most important differences between now and then which increasingly fierce competitions, personalized customer demand and how to improve competitiveness. Firstly, with the liberalization policy, business globalization and capital operation mode, the regional and industry boundaries were abolished which makes the competition more intense. That leads to the difference by increasingly fierce competitions. With the opinion of Parker (2005), a long time ago, the research which based on strategic alliances and joined ventures was found. Cooperation and competition were founded to be a virtue and he analysis that competition is good to become to cooperation which is a good idea from the growing global economic. Secondly, Customers become the dominant force in the market by the expansion of product pile up in excessive requirement and income gap which leads to customer demand for personalized. Abrahamson (1966) suggested that, change is a global effect; the customer is more sensitive on the quality of the product or service. Managers should seek a new technology to help them handle new conditions which is the performance gap caused by environmental changes. Finally, with the widely used of the development of science and technology and information technology, lots of things could be done which may not be done easily. So the traditional management mode faces the enormous challenge. Moreover, by Rodrigues(2001)’ theory, the development of effective management skills to deal with specific problems and challenges of each organization in the global competitive environment is to make a frame work. The urgent need of many enterprises and organizations are rapid changes in technology and the environment. Today, the new trend of training and development organizations around the world are dealt within their own organization. In order to achieve networked, flat, flexible, effective development skills, specific challenges different new organizations of their mission and objectives of the organizations all over the word. Effective management skills help people and organizations to improve its effectiveness and efficiency. The rapid development of globalization and technology shows that we are in fierce competition. Proper management is crucial to the complex environment. The quality manager and effective management style can determine the organizational culture with productive employees and ultimately, success or failure. Managers should encourage, guide, supervise, motivate employee and coordination capacity to promote action and guide change his leadership and other training manager. Management and utilization planning, organization and communication skills are important leadership, more in quality such as integrity, honesty, courage, commitment, sincerity, enthusiasm, determination, compassion and sensitivity. In conclusion, management theories and ideas have changed over time with two factors which are the transformation of labor were treated from machine to human and the connection between organization and external environment. At the same time, there are three most important differences between now and then. The three differences are increasingly fierce competition, personalized customer demand and how to improve competitiveness. Twenty first Century for humans is a new age, we need according to the new rules to face and the formation of new rules depends on innovation which is the foundation of learning. Finally, Learning and innovation is the key in twenty first Century to deal with the environmental change. Reference 1.Abrahamson, E. (1996). Management fashion. Academy of Management Review, 21, 1, 245-285. 2. Parker, L. D., & Ritson, P. (2005). Fads, stereotypes and management gurus: Fayol and Follett today. Management Decision, 43, 10, 1335-57. 3. Kiechel, W. (2012). The management century. Harvard Business Review, 90, 11, 62-75. 4. Rodrigues, C. A. (2001). Fayol’s 14 principles of management then and now: A framework for managing today’s organizations effectively. Management Decision, 39, 10, 880-889. 5. Mayo,G.E. (1933). The Human Problems of an Industrialized Civilization, 25,3, 33-45. 6. Volberda, H. (2012). Contingency Fit, Institutional Fit, and Firm Performance: A Metafit Approach to Organization-Environment Relationships. Organization science, 23, 4, 1040 -1055.